The Qur’an as Muhaymin: A Thematic Analysis of Its Social, Moral, and Scientific Superiority over Previous Scriptures

Abstract

This study aims to examine the superiority of the Qur’an compared to previous revealed scriptures from three main aspects: social, moral, and scientific. As the final and authentic divine scripture, the Qur’an functions not only as guidance but also as muhaymin—a guardian and confirmer of earlier revelations that have undergone alteration. Employing a library research method with a descriptive qualitative content analysis approach and thematic (maudhu‘i) tafsir, this study compiles and analyzes relevant Qur’anic verses. The findings indicate that the Qur’an’s superiority is both fundamental and universal. Socially, the Qur’an offers just and balanced principles for all humanity, such as equality based on piety (Q. Al-Hujurat: 13), brotherhood (ukhuwah), mutual assistance (ta‘awun), and the principle of amar ma‘ruf nahi munkar. Morally, the Qur’an perfects ethical teachings through comprehensive guidance, as exemplified in Q. An-Nahl: 90, which commands justice and benevolence. Scientifically, the Qur’an contains accurate indications that have been confirmed in the modern era, including stages of human creation (Q. Al-Mu’minun: 14) and the therapeutic effects of the Qur’an (Q. Al-Isra’: 82), affirming its divine origin. This study concludes that the Qur’an’s superiority lies in its completeness, universality, and authenticity, rendering it a relevant and credible guide for all humanity across time.